Which of the following is NOT a testing method for determining whether paint is lead-based paint?

• A. Paint Chip Sampling
• B. Laboratory Sampling
• C. XRF
• D. Visual Inspection

Answer: (D)

Determining whether paint is lead-based requires an analytic measurement, not just looking at the surface. A visual inspection cannot tell you the lead content or confirm its presence; it can only indicate signs that might suggest a hazard or historical use. For actual testing, non-destructive field screening with XRF is commonly used to quickly check paint for lead, and when a precise determination is needed, paint chips are collected and analyzed in a laboratory (laboratory sampling) to quantify the exact lead concentration. Paint chip sampling involves sending physical samples to a lab for analysis, which provides definitive results. Because visual inspection cannot confirm lead content, it is not considered a testing method for determining lead-based paint.